Understanding FOSS
Creating/Using FOSS
Linux sysadmin-addendum
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- Category: Creating and using FOSS
- Published on Friday, 05 June 2015 23:50
- Written by Super User
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So you want to be a Linux sysadmin?
software/application management (installing, testing, and updating the software on systems)
Are Linux GUI Software Centers Any Good? Let’s Find Out!
A Comparison of Three Linux 'App Stores'
Flathub vs. Snap Store: Which App Store Should You Use?
How To Search If A Package Is Available On Your Linux Distribution Or Not
How To Find The List Of Installed Repositories From Commandline In Linux
How To List Installed Packages From A Certain Repository In Linux
How To Install Packages From A Specific Repository In Linux
How Do We Find Out The Installed Packages Came From Which Repository?
How to Fix Unmet dependencies Error During Package Installation or Upgrade
Package manager
sysget – A Front-end for Every Package Manager in Linux
Is implementing and managing Linux applications becoming a snap?
How to Install Software on Linux
How to Fix Broken Packages in Linux
How to install a device driver on Linux
How to Use Homebrew to Install Software on Linux and Windows
What Is a PPA in Ubuntu, and How Do You Use It?
How to Convert From RPM to DEB and DEB to RPM Package Using Alien
Debian Package Manager: Everything You Need to Know
Best Universal Package Manager for Linux? - Datamation
Linux Package Managers Compared – AppImage vs Snap vs Flatpak
What Are Linux Meta-packages? - Freedom Penguin
Manage AppImages, AUR, Flatpaks And Snaps With Bauh
account management(adding and removing accounts, managing user access and privileges)
server management (running backups, monitoring and tuning performance, rebooting,
setting up cron jobs, looking after the hardware and reviewing log files)
security management (managing host-based firewalls, checking file permissions, and checking
on important security configurations)
how and when to use ^c, ^d, and ^z.
| Keyboard Shortcuts for Bash ( Command Shell for Ubuntu, Debian, Suse, Redhat, Linux, etc) | bash keyboard shortcuts | SS64.com |
how to use pipes and redirects. If >, >>, 2>, and 2>&1 aren’t second nature to you, you need to
make them so.
how to use /dev/null both to make output disappear and to empty files.
how to use of $? (the return code or "exit code") to determine if the previous command
(usually within a script) completed successfully.
| Exit and Exit Status | Bash Reference Manual - Exit Status | Advanced Bash Shell Scripting Guide - Exit Codes With Special Meanings |
how to use regular expressions with commands such as ls, grep and perl.
the effect of various quotes - how single and double quotes differ and how ` (backticks)
can be used to add command output to a line.
| Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide - Quoting | Bash Reference Manual - Quoting | Quoting - Linux Shell Scripting Tutorial - A Beginner's handbook |
| Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide - Command Substitution |
how to add and remove accounts (with or without removing the associated directories).
| GROUPADD | GROUPDEL | GROUPMOD |
| NEWUSERS | USERADD | USERDEL |
| USERMOD |
how to work with permissions, timestamps, owners, and groups -- and how to determine if
additional permissions have been assigned with the setfacl command. You should also get
to know how to work with the security context of files when SELinux is in use.
how to use essential Unix utilities like grep, awk, sed, and wc.
how to use text editors. In fact, you really should know vi, though if it takes some time
to get used to. Even if you love desktop editors like Gedit, you will someday find yourself
on a command line with no other option. Besides, vi (along with its colorful variation, vim)
can make a lot of the work that you do go a lot faster once you know how to use it well.
scripting basics. You need to be very good at basic scripting - using if, for, and while
commands if not also case statements and functions.
how to work with processes - understanding ps output, knowing the kind of information you
can get from /proc and how to use tools like lsof for determining what files a process has open.
how to set up a new file system, look at disk space, track down large files, use fsck, and
find files using many different criteria (size, ownership, permissions, type, etc.).
where to find key directories and configuration files - those in /etc (e.g., /etc/hosts,
the passwd and shadow files) and those in other locations (e.g., /etc/mail/sendmail.cf,
/etc/samba/smb.conf).
how to set up essential services (e.g., naming, printing).
how to install packages using yum and apt-get and also how to install software from tar.gz
files.
see software/application management (installing, testing, and updating the software on systems)
how to apply patches and how to know when they're needed.
how to monitor systems using commands such as df and du to look at disk space, and commands
like top and sar to monitor and evaluate performance.
how your systems boot - their dependence on "start scripts" and whether they use systemd or
upstart init services.
how to use basic commands like dump and tar to back up directories or entire file systems.
how to interact with other systems - logging in using ssh, moving files with scp and sftp,
and using rsync for synchronizing individual files or entire file systems.
how to view and manipulate timestamps on files, including using the touch command.
see how to work with permissions, timestamps, owners, and groups
how to configure a network interface; how to use the ifconfig and ip addr commands; how to
set up the /etc/sysconfig/network file; when to use /etc/hosts and the hostname and domainname commands.
how to configure extended services like NFS, NIS, and Samba for sharing file systems and
network information with other Unix systems, and sharing files with Windows systems.
see how to set up essential services
how to do basic troubleshooting, tracking down what's wrong when something is broken, looking
at logs files, and using commands such as strace.
how to configure and use sudo for limiting the use of root access to the bare essentials.